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Feminist Reads Challenge: O, Pioneers!

This post is part of the 2013 Feminist Reads Challenge. To learn more about the challenge or join in, click here

by Izzy Labbe

I was talking to my mom’s best friend the other day, and she told me a story about a project she had to do on the state of Nebraska when she was in school. She said she hunted down the only book her school library had that was about Nebraska–O, Pioneers! by Willa Cather. At the time, she had NO idea who Willa Cather was, or what her book was about, but she told me that at that moment, there seemed to be nothing worse in the entire universe than reading an eighty-year-old book about Nebraska for a project.

But she was wrong. When I picked up O, Pioneers! one afternoon and started reading, I was engrossed from the get-go. For one thing, it is probably the most beautiful book I’ve ever read–the language, the realism, the gentle-yet-gorgeous way Cather describes things as trivial as walking down the road or eating an apple.

Cather, who was born in 1873 in Gore, Virginia, was pretty revolutionary for her time. In college she asked to be called ‘William’ and wore masculine clothes and short hair; many historians and biographers believe she was an out lesbian, as she was known to have relationships with women, including Edith Lewis, with whom she lived for over twenty years until her own death in 1947.

Although she was a relatively private person, Cather was moderately vocal about women’s issues, and often wrote about the women’s rights movement of the turn-of-the-century. Her books are almost all revolving around a strong female character, and often include men who admired and looked up to them.

O, Pioneers! is the story of Alexandra Bergson, a remarkably strong and clever pioneer woman on the Nebraska plains at the turn of the century. Alexandra is wise, kind, and straight-forward. When tragedy strikes (and, oh, how it strikes), she takes it all calmly. But she is still a human, and cries and shows emotion, which reminds us that she’s not perfect, which is what we all want in a protagonist.

Although there are many sub-plots involving love, lust, abusive husbands, murder, sickness, Nebraska, Bohemians, crazy old men, and other delicious literary topics, O, Pioneers! is really a book about change–about growing up, specifically. The book spans over twenty years of Alexandra’s life, from her young adulthood to her mid-40s. One of my favorite quotes from the book says, “There is often a good deal of the child left in people who have had to grow up too soon.”

One of my favorite parts about this book is that Alexandra, who chooses not to marry until she is over 40, which was a super-taboo for a woman in 1913, doesn’t throw away the concept of love. She often has dreams about falling in love with someone who will respect her and make her happy in her old age. Cather really emphasizes a good point here: women don’t have to reject the whole idea of marriage to be feminists; it’s all about choice.

O, Pioneers! changed a lot of my perception of literature. Before I read this book, I thought they would have burned you alive for writing about women’s issues in 1913. I’m still a little surprised that it’s become such a staple of classic American literature in the mostly male-dominated world of literature, but I think I know why it has: Cather’s narration and writing style is so good, it could make a phone book win the Pulitzer (which, by the way, she did win, but not for O, Pioneers!). When it all comes down to it, Cather’s books are the double whammy I was dreaming of: an amazing piece of classic fiction with strong female characters.

So go on, my feminist reader friend! Experience Willa Cather yourself. But I’m warning you- you WILL weep like a baby upon reading O, Pioneers!. I did. And as one of the other characters, Marie, says in the book: “When I’ve cried until I can’t cry anymore, then–then I must do something else.” I think I’ll go read another of her books.

When Other People Watch What You Eat

by Celeste Dafne

Last time I had dinner with a friend, she laughed as I set down my food. “You’re so funny,” she told me, but didn’t elaborate. I smiled uncertainly. Seeing that I didn’t get it, she gestured to what I was eating. “The mac & cheese, the fries, the soda… it’s all so unhealthy.”

I looked down at my tray, completely taken aback. Healthiness—or lack thereof—hadn’t even crossed my mind when I picked out my food; I’d just chosen stuff that looked good. I laughed off her comment, but it gave me a bad feeling in the pit of my stomach. It made me uneasy that she took note of what I was eating. I don’t pay attention to other people’s food, and it never occurred to me that they might pay attention to mine.

But as I’ve made new friendships in the past few months, I’ve started thinking about food more than usual, and I’ve become more conscious of what I choose at the dining hall. With my new friends, a lot of conversations revolve around weight—how much they’ve gained since starting school, or how often they go to the gym so that they can shed that weight. Sometimes I see them hesitate before picking up a plate. Sometimes they bargain with one another: “I’ll get the pizza if you get the fries.”

I don’t join these conversations. I don’t want to encourage their insecurities, nor do I want to share my own. Sometimes I want to burst out that we should be empowering ourselves, that there’s nothing wrong with being fat anyway, that keeping us worried about being thin is how corporations sell products, and that if you want dessert, you shouldn’t deny yourself that happiness.

But I’m pretty sure they’ve heard it before. We all know that “everyone’s beautiful in their own way” and that “what matters is on the inside.” And while it’s true, reminding people of that fact doesn’t make their insecurities magically fade away. My words are meaningless against 20 years of being told that how much we matter is defined by our appearance.

I feel bad for sitting in silence during weight-related conversations because it feels like it encourages my friends to worry more. I find myself in a dilemma, because I wonder whether being a good friend means going on my feminist rant, reminding them that they’re great just the way they are, and pointing out that an extreme concern with thinness isn’t healthy.

On the other hand, I also think that being a good friend means being supportive and a good listener while others vent. I don’t want to dismiss everything my friends are feeling; their preoccupation with losing weight might be harmful, but their insecurities are still very real. I know there’s comfort in knowing that you’re not the only one who feels self-conscious and who’s constantly worrying. I recognize the need for a place to release your worries and talk about what’s going on in life—and if feeling crappy is what’s going on in life, it feels good to let it out.

But sometimes I worry about myself. Sometimes I want to get away from their conversations instead of being a good listener. Because they’ve also started planting seeds of doubt in me–when everyone else is worrying about what they eat and how much they weigh, it’s difficult not to wonder if you should be worrying about those things as well.

Sometimes they also make comments that make me uncomfortable, like the remark about being unhealthy. But other times they’re meant as compliment, like when they tell me that I don’t eat very much (though I also get comments when I eat more than usual). It makes me uneasy that they’ve scrutinized my eating habits and that they pay more attention to what I eat than I usually do.

Although I am starting to pay attention. Before, I didn’t give much thought to whether I ate a little or a lot; I just ate until I was full. Now I have constant questions running through my head while I pick out food: is this my normal amount? Is it too much?

Ultimately, it’s not so much that I fear getting fat. It’s that I fear getting judged. I’m not trying to eat less, but I do find myself justifying what I eat to my friends. If I think I’m eating more than usual, I’ll tell them that I’m especially hungry that day. Or if I have dessert on top of a meal that wasn’t particularly healthy, I’ll apologetically mention that I’m “just really craving ice cream today.”

I always regret my excuses immediately. I don’t want to be afraid of food, and I don’t want to feel guilty after every meal. I don’t want to apologize for eating and doing what I want.

A couple of people have suggested that I find new friends, ones that don’t make me so self-conscious. But I don’t want to lose these friends, even though I do wish that our friendship were a safe space away from the toxic messages that the world throws at us. And the fact remains that many bonds, especially between women, are formed over insecurities, and in particular insecurities about weight. Even with all the time I’ve spent thinking about my friends and their preoccupation with being thinner, I remember that I was just ten years old when a friend first told me that she was trying to eat less. At the time, it seemed perfectly normal to worry about weight. Now it seems terribly young. Since then, several of my friends have had eating disorders. And it’s starting to hit me that this pattern is not new in my life—it’s been happening forever.

Miss Vogue Hits UK Shelves

by Georgia Luckhurst

When I heard about the launch of the new Miss Vogue magazine in the UK, I was instantly both excited and nervous.  For a magazine lover like myself, a British version of Teen Vogue is long overdue.  However, there were worries – was Miss Vogue going to perpetuate those endless, unattainable body expectations girls face on a daily basis?  Was the magazine going to be full of “bikini-body” diet plans and the usual depressing dose of heteronormative language?  Or was it going to use its potential as a publication to finally talk to teenagers honestly about being themselves, no matter what weight, race, gender or sexuality they are?

Maybe surprisingly, Miss Vogue isn’t a failure in my eyes.  In fact, it contained some pretty awesome features – an article by the amazing Rookie editor, feminist style blogger Tavi Gevinson, as well as a truthful and comforting discussion conducted by a group of British teenagers about the pressures of growing up as a girl today.  Some parts of the magazine were honestly perfect, and I loved their description of Meadham Kirchhoff’s fashion as “feisty [and] feminist,” especially considering how the majority of magazines with a teenage target audience wouldn’t dare use the F word in a positive way.

My problem with Miss Vogue isn’t in its subject matter, or even what messages it conveys in its writing: my problem is the fact that, as usual, a magazine like this had the opportunity to show a variety of girls–curvy girls and skinny girls and girls of every ethnicity and sexuality alike–and they didn’t.  As usual, a magazine had the opportunity to represent the real world and make girls feel beautiful the way they are naturally, like everyone deserves to feel, and yet they didn’t.  The positivity of the writing completely contradicted the fact that every single fashion shoot consisted of conventionally attractive (thin, mostly white) models – gorgeous girls, undoubtedly, but only one type of girl.  There are so many sizes and shapes out there, so why do magazines like Miss Vogue only showcase one type of human?

On asking some of my friends about what they thought about the influence of magazines on teenage girls, I heard some interesting opinions. A couple of friends agreed with me. My friend Lydia said that “teen magazines make girls aspire to be celebrities, not athletes,” and our friend Sasha agreed, saying that such mags “are influencing society’s version of perfect, and I think they need to take into account how much they influence teenagers’ lives.”

My friend, Jessie, disagreed: “I think that it’s more the responsibility of the parents to instil self confidence in their child than to have to alter the media.”

Either way, reading Miss Vogue, I couldn’t help but feel that there is so much still to achieve – I just hope they listen to the voices they’re supposed to be talking to.

Real Girl Report: What It’s Like to Live Like a Teen Mag

by YingYing Shang

We’ve always known the advice given by teen magazines was iffy, but what would happen if two real girls tried to live by it? This past April, Alice Wilder and I decided to find out.

We took on the challenge of following all the advice given in the top two teen magazines, Teen Vogue and Seventeen, and every week, we would compare our experiences. What does Teen Vogue do well? What does Seventeen do better? What happens when girls actually listen to what both magazines tell them?

Our first week was beauty. I started out with some tamer ponytails, but eventually escalated to Teen Vogue’s French braid pouf, which had been advertised as “the coolest braids ever!” but turned out to be embarrassing to walk around in. Alice tried out Seventeen’s Super Slick Hair, and we finished off our week with my serious critique of the beauty section.

Our second week was health and fitness. Because Seventeen offers a plethora of health and fitness advice, Alice took one for the team this week. She had to eat incredibly meager lunches, follow strict workout regimens, and blog about her real experiences with Seventeen’s control over her body. (Later, Alice would create her own modified Seventeen workout plan.) And I occasionally worried about getting fat. Overall, we made it out alive!

Our third week was fashion! I kicked it off by wearing a ridiculous denim skirt as a dress, prompting odd stares from the people in the supermarket. Teen Vogue had displayed this as part of the “California Skater/Surfer look” spread. Later, Alice wore overalls with glitter and wedges and posed with oranges as well. (Aww, sisterhood!) And overall, we shook our heads at not only the ridiculous fashion, but also the lack of diversity in body types. Here, for instance, is a picture of me photoshopped onto a tall blonde model.)

And our final week was life. Although we had incorporated boy challenges and life advice from the two magazines to spice up our weeks throughout the month (ex. my attempt to Bump and Flatter), we really took it upon ourselves to critique the life advice the last week of April. Because Teen Vogue’s April issue was featured as “The Prom Issue,” I talked to some real live girls about prom and discovered that the advice given by Teen Vogue was not all that off base! Meanwhile, Alice didn’t have such luck texting a boy using Seventeen’s tips. Later that week, I took on Teen Vogue’s feature on abstinence during prom , taking a more nuanced perspective on sex, sexuality, and rape culture (in other words, Teen Vogue is tackling a great issue, but it could do a bit more explanation about consent) and Alice talked about how Seventeen is heteronormative.

It was a crazy month, to say the least. I went to prom and found it not at all like it’s portrayed in Teen Vogue. Alice and I both decided on colleges. But while we were doing all of this, we were also living and analyzing the advice given in teen magazines and how this advice could influence girls. (It was crazy stressful, so we had de-stressing dance parties to Taylor Swift.) And while we found that both offer some valid advice (such as Teen Vogue’s tip to not worry so much about getting a prom date), they also offer contradictory, destructive images that undermine for instance, Seventeen’s supposed emphasis on “Body Peace”. And during this month, Alice and I revealed the April issue of Teen Vogue and Seventeen’s real impact on girls.

Weekly Highlights:

Week One: Beauty

YY’s “Amazing Braids”
Alice’s Super Slick Hair
YY’s Serious Critique

Week Two: Health and Fitness Week Three: Fashion

Alice’s Meager Lunches
Alice’s Serious Critique
YY Getting Fat?
Alice’s Modified Workout Plan

Week Three: Fashion

YY Wearing Skirt as Dress to Supermarket
Alice Wearing Overalls
YY As Tall Blonde Model

Week Four: Life

YY Tries to Do the “Bump and Flatter”
YY Talks to Real Girls About Prom
Alice Texting a Boy
YY’s Serious Critique on Abstinence Article
Alice’s Serious Critique on Heteronormative Life Section
Alice Confused by Supposed “Body Peace”
TAYLOR SWIFT DANCE PARTY

We [heart] Grimes

by Sariel Hana

It’s official. I want to marry Grimes.

25-year-old Claire Boucher, better known as Grimes, is a triple threat: artist, musician, director and now… feminist?! Just when you thought she couldn’t get any cooler! Aside from being a seriously skilled artist, Grimes graduated from “the Harvard of Canada,” McGill University where she studied Russian literature and neuroscience. Her most recent album, Visions, was declared “one of the most impressive albums of the year” by the New York Times. What now, haterz?

On April 23rd, Grimes posted an epic manifesto on her Tumblr page about the trials and tribulations of being a young woman in the music industry.

Grimes fits the pop star “standard”–she’s skinny, young, white, and beautiful–but she doesn’t want to be another sex symbol sell out:  ”I don’t want to be infantilized because I refuse to be sexualized,” she writes. She also expressed her frustrations with “mansplaining” from men who don’t think she can be successful on her own:

“I’m tired of the weird insistence that I need a band or I need to work with outside producers (and I’m eternally grateful to the people who don’t do this).

I’m tired of men who aren’t professional or even accomplished musicians continually offering to ‘help me out’ (without being asked), as if I did this by accident and “’m gonna flounder without them. Or as if the fact that I’m a woman makes me incapable of using technology. I have never seen this kind of thing happen to any of my male peers.”

She recounts her experiences being “molested at shows or on the street by people who perceive me as an object that exists for their personal satisfaction,” and goes on to give us a perfect definition for feminism:

“I’m sad that my desire to be treated as an equal and as a human being is interpreted as hatred of men, rather than a request to be included and respected (I have four brothers and many male best friends and a dad and iI promise I do not hate men at all, nor do I believe that all men are sexist or that all men behave in the ways described above).

Grimes also described “being considered vapid for liking pop music or caring about fashion as if these things inherently lack substance or as if the things i enjoy somehow make me a lesser person.” I’m so with her–just because something is considered “girly” doesn’t make it moronic!

On creeps harassing Grimes and her dancers:

“I’m tired of creeps on message boards discussing whether or not they’d “fuck” me.

I’m tired of people harassing my dancers and treating them like they aren’t human beings”

On how a “waif” is considered to be either an abandoned or homeless child or a sexually attractive woman:

“I’m tired of being referred to as ‘cute,’ as a ‘waif’ etc., even when the author, fan, friend, family member etc. is being positive. (fyi)

waif |wāf|
noun
1 a homeless and helpless person, esp. a neglected or abandoned child: she is foster-mother to various waifs and strays.
• an abandoned pet animal.

cute |kyoot|
adjective
1 attractive in a pretty or endearing way: a cute kitten.
• informal sexually attractive.”

Grimes concluded her post with the following:

“I have so much love for everyone who has been cool and amazing. I have the best job in the world but I’m done with being passive about any kind of status quo that allows anyone to suffer or to be disrespected”

You probably want to marry Grimes now too. I guess we’ll all have to settle for listening to Visions on repeat.

What’s the link between Cosmo and Girls Gone Wild?

by Jenn Chmielewski

Getting guys’ attention can be tough. I’m smart, friendly, and can bring down the house with my rendition of Lady Gaga – yes, I’m a little monster. But if you take a look at magazines and TV these days, you’d think that the only thing guys are after is super-sexy-looking gals who act in super-sexualized ways. No substance required. I’m bombarded by messages telling me that I can’t just be myself and instead need to go out of my way to get guys’ attention by washing cars in an itty bitty bikini and high heels (guaranteed to give me a wedgie) or pole-dancing at a party (wedgie again + pulling a muscle = not a fun night). Needless to say, according to what the media tells me guys want, I straight up don’t look sexy enough for any guy to be interested in. It’s annoying and makes me feel like I just don’t measure up.

What else am I supposed to think after watching America’s Next Top Model? Surely no guy is into a girl with wit and talent – I must have to sexify my appearance just to be noticed, right? Researchers Jane Nowatzki and Marion Morry[i] seem to think that other women feel the same way as I do. They wondered whether watching more media of sexually objectified women would be related to women wanting to behave sexually themselves. Researchers have already shown that sexualized media can make women feel like they’re not beautiful or sexy enough[ii]. Nowatzki & Morry took this a step further. They predicted that looking at sexualized images of women in the media would explain why some women choose to behave in super sexualized ways (Girls Gone Wild style).

To test their theory, they first examined how much sexually objectifying media a group of college women looked at (TV shows and magazines that SPARK is all too familiar with, like America’s Next Top Model, Cosmo and Teen Vogue). Then they asked the women how willing they were to engage in sexualized behaviors like ‘taking a pole dancing or strip-aerobics class’ or ‘taking part in a wet t-shirt contest.’ They also asked the women how appropriate they believed these behaviors were for women in general.

Wouldn’t ya know, viewing sexually objectifying media predicted women’s acceptance of sexualized behavior for other women and their willingness to engage in this behavior themselves. So basically, women who viewed sexualized magazines and tv shows like Cosmo and America’s Next Top Model were more willing act in really sexualized ways to be noticed than women who didn’t. And, to me, that really rings true. I mean, I really don’t appreciate walking by the huge Victoria’s Secret billboard I pass on my way to school everyday. But as unrealistic and annoying as I know these “angels” are, I’ll admit that sometimes I start to get the idea that the baggy sweater I’m wearing (and the fact that I’m not wearing the push-up bra being advertised) may not be doing me any favors. I start to wonder if I look sexy enough for anyone to pay attention to me – if I look sexy enough to matter.

And according to this research, I’m not alone. Media portrayals of sexualized women really can affect our ideas about how we should act and what’s considered “sexy.” The media packages sexual objectification and sells it as sexual empowerment, so it can be really tricky to know the difference. When we’re surrounded by these images of sexualized women, it becomes really hard to figure out our own sexuality and how we feel instead of what we are told guys want to see.

But when I forget about the media and just think about what I want and my own experiences, I remember that the kind of guy I’m looking for won’t buy into this women-are-only-worthwhile-if-they-look-“sexy” crap. I know that my sexuality has about as much to do with the way I look as the adrenaline rush from a first kiss has to do with the color of my chapstick – nothing.  Sexuality is about the ways we feel and experience our bodies, not about what those bodies look like. We need to replace images of “sexy-looking” bodies in the media with ideas and expressions of sexuality based on our feelings. And that will make some room for real empowerment.



[i] Nowatzki, J., & Morry, M. M. (2009). Women’s intentions regarding, and acceptance of, self-sexualizing behavior. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 33, 95-107.

[ii] Halliwell, E., Malson, H., & Tischner, I. (2011). Are contemporary media images which seem to display women as sexually empowered actually harmful to women? Psychology of Women Quarterly, 35, 38-45.