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Girls of All Ages Need Access to Emergency Contraception

by Anya Josephs

There’s a medicine that, in half a century of use, has been linked to a grand total of zero deaths or serious complications. It’s safer than aspirin. Physicians willingly admit that their advice is not needed for it to be taken correctly. The largest organization of pediatricians in the nation is urging its members to pre-write prescriptions for patients who may need it, because it’s so safe they believe everyone should have access without visiting a doctor.

This medicine is often desperately needed. It must be taken within a specific 120 hour period in order to be effective. It prevents a condition that can be devastating to the people it affects, especially young people, who are more likely to develop depression, drop out of school, and even die. Furthermore, if young people can’t get this medicine when they need it, they are more likely to spend their lives in poverty, never marry, and have their kids end up in jail.

So why has the supposedly progressive Obama administration repeatedly spoken out against making this medicine available over-the-counter to young people, even after a federal judge ruled that girls under seventeen must be given access to this medicine? Why would the president go against all scientific evidence and say that the medicine “could be dangerous if misused”?

Because the medicine is emergency contraception, the medical condition it treats is pregnancy, and Americans are terrified of teenage girls being in control of their own sexuality.

Saying that girls can’t take a medication safely is patronizing and inaccurate: the research overwhelmingly proves that teens can safely take this medicine without a doctor’s supervision. The real reason for keeping girls away from the safe and necessary ability to access emergency contraception is the familiar cultural panic over teenage girls’ sexuality.

It’s time for some real talk with SPARK: teenage girls have sexual desires. Not all of them, and not all those who do choose to act on them. Our culture makes it hard to talk about, but it’s true: a large majority of girls have the desire to have sex before they turn seventeen. [Ed. note: SPARK co-founder Deb Tolman literally wrote the book on this!] 

Just like lying to teenage girls about the consequences of sexual activity, not teaching them how to use condoms, or slut-shaming in general, keeping emergency birth control away from girls isn’t going to stop them from having sex. Just look at the failure of abstinence-only sex ed–keeping girls from safe sex isn’t going to keep them away from sex altogether. Yes, it’s possible that keeping necessary birth control away from teenagers might make for slightly fewer sexually active teenagers, maybe, but it will definitely make for more pregnant teenagers—and we can all agree that that’s something we want to avoid.

Plenty of teenagers can’t just get to the doctor on their own. Most teenagers under seventeen don’t have drivers’ licenses and cars, and in many parts of the country, that means they’re relying on parents for transportation. Parents may be disapproving or upset to find out their children are sexually active—some may refuse to get their children emergency contraception, kick them out of the home, or turn physically violent. Protecting teenage girls  means protecting them from these things, not from the ability to access contraception.

A staggering number of girls—1 in 4—are victims of sexual assault before the age of 18. Why revictimize these girls by forcing them to go through their parents and then a doctor to get emergency contraception? We should be doing everything we can to protect these most vulnerable girls—and that means keeping them safe from unwanted pregnancy after the trauma of sexual assault.

And all that aside, it’s not like girls under 17 are being “protected” from anything when it comes to sexuality. As we’ve been documenting for years at SPARK, girls are objectified by the media and seen as sexual objects at younger and younger ages. Teenage girls are considered fair game for sexy ads–models younger than 17 are posed in provocative ways, or adult women dressed up like little girls. There are dozens of popular TV shows depicting teenage sexual activity, often with a focus on boys pushing girls into sexual activity, and little girls compete in reality shows wearing nothing but bikinis. The government doesn’t seem to think it’s necessary to protect girls from these images of sexuality, but when it comes to making REAL choices, like taking safety precautions for their bodies and sexual health, suddenly girls need “protecting” from themselves. What?

The way to deal with teen sexuality is not to ignore it. It’s to educate teenagers about how to have safe sex and expand access to contraception as much as possible. Placing artificial barriers between the most vulnerable population of sexually active women—girls under seventeen—and desperately needed birth control is misogynistic, hypocritical, and ultimately destructive. The “negative” effects of sex—unwanted pregnancy, lowered self-esteem, and sexually transmitted infections, to name just a few–are exacerbated by policies like this one, which make safe sex a taboo. Girls who are given accurate information about and easy access to any and all contraceptive methods are able to make informed choices about what is healthy and safe for them, reducing their risk of pregnancy and infection and increasing their ability to feel good about their bodies and themselves. Let’s stop standing in their way.

Advice from Gloria Steinem

by Maya Brown

Last month, I was lucky enough to see Gloria Steinem speak at Colby College.  Her talk was beyond fabulous, and really inspired me as a young activist and a SPARKteam member. It’s hard for me to pick out pieces to highlight because the whole talk was great, but there were three things she said that resonated with me and with our mission here at SPARK.

The first thing she said that really struck me was that when you get down to it, we are all a part of the same movement. Despite people who claim that feminism is dead or isn’t necessary anymore, we, as young feminists are just as important as the suffragettes who made it legal for women to vote, or the women who worked so hard to legalize abortions (and who are still doing so today).  My SPARK sisters and I are a continuation of this one movement dedicated to creating a world where all genders are equal. And, as Gloria Steinem so perfectly put it, all genders will never be equal until there is also racial, ethnic, LGBTQ, and all other forms of equality. In that respect, the feminist movement is linked very closely to all other movements. And while it’s important that we have these separate movements in order to allow everyone to be heard and to work against specific issues, it’s so necessary that we remember this connection and that we actively support one another. Because what we’re all working for is equality for everyone, and many of these movements are inherently connected already. (Plus, as with everything, we all need as much help as we can get.)

She also argued that inequality and oppression against women all comes down to patriarchy attempting to control women’s bodies. She pointed out a multitude of examples, including the fight for reproductive freedom and sexualization in the advertising industry, but even when she was talking about something seemingly unrelated, such as equal pay for equal work, she found a way to link it back to women’s bodies being turned into objects outside of their own control. This showed me without a doubt just how important the work SPARK does is, because that is exactly what we’re fighting against. We want to end women being seen as purely sexual objects made for the purpose of pleasing men. Gloria even did a quick shout-out to Hardy Girls and to SPARK, which was both awesome and super gratifying, because it means that one of the most powerful feminists has got our back.

But the piece of advice that most resonated with me from Gloria Steinem’s talk was broader. To paraphrase, she said to always remember not to live your life like a means to an end, but to live your life like the way you want your life to be. This may sound obvious, but it’s actually pretty deep. She’s saying that instead of hoping that at some point in the future you will be happy or write more or be more successful, just do it now–live your life the way you hope it will someday be. Enjoy the ride instead of focusing on the destination. This too can be applied to SPARK and the feminist movement. It’s important to dream of a better future, and if we’re pointing out sexualization and inequality and encouraging girls to create new media now, we are creating that future. We aren’t working towards some definite end, but we are changing the world by just being here, by doing the work that we do, and by being a positive influence on girls–that’s pretty amazing!

It was fabulous to see Gloria Steinem talk because she is one of the women I most look up to, but also because she really spoke to me and to SPARK. She made me even prouder to be a feminist and to know that I am a part of such a large and important movement with such a rich background. And to hear that she looks up to us young feminists was truly inspiring.

Real Beauty, Real Talk: the SPARKteam Responds to Dove’s Latest Campaign

Have you seen Dove’s latest “Real Beauty” campaign? It’s been making the rounds and causing quite a stir:

The video, which shows women describing themselves as ugly and then other people describing them as beautiful, leading up to a big reveal where we all realize that we are our own worst enemy, is drawing both praise and criticism. And of course, it’s a complicated issue. Below, the SPARKteam weighs in. Leave your own thoughts in the comments!

Celeste: I’m always suspicious of any “real beauty” stuff that Dove puts out, because their ultimate motive is to sell products. They want women to trust their brand so that they’ll spend more money on the company’s stuff; they’re building an image.

Dove is portraying itself as this trail-blazer in a new kind of advertising that makes women feel better about themselves instead of crappy, but they’re not really so different from other companies at all. They’re preying on our insecurities just like anyone else, though perhaps more indirectly. Instead of going, “you’re ugly so you need our products to fix it,” Dove is saying, “we believe you’re beautiful, so you should buy our products instead.” They’re still banking on women wanting to be beautiful (since society says they have to be). Not only does this video take advantage of our desire to be attractive, but also our desire to be TOLD we’re attractive.

I don’t feel like Dove would put these nice messages out there if they didn’t have something to gain. It’s not that Dove actually cares about our feelings, it’s that addressing our insecurities is another tool in their marketing arsenal, a marketing ploy. But regardless of whether Dove is trying to be a positive or negative influence, companies shouldn’t be manipulating my self-esteem for profit in the first place.

Annemarie: Also, even if Dove seems to care about our self-esteem, the brand is owned by Unilever, who also makes the misogynistic Axe advertisements that majorly objectify women. Unilever knows its demographic and how to toy with their desires in order to sell a product. For Dove, it’s boosting women’s confidence in their own beauty; for Axe, it’s boosting men’s confidence in getting action.

Looking at the advertisement again, it’s also tough to watch because I know that not everyone would describe me as beautifully as those strangers featured in the video described the young women. I remember growing up, hearing comments about how my hair was frizzy, my glasses were nerdy, and my overall appearance was just unattractive. Maybe now that I’m older, the stranger describing me to the sketch artist would say kind things about how I look. But maybe they wouldn’t. For those of us who are put down constantly by our looks, whether it’s because we are people of color or LGBTQ or curvy or just not in the constricting box of “beautiful,” we know that the sketch from someone’s else’s description might be even worse than our own.

I love the last line though: “we should spend more time appreciating the things we do like.” No matter how others perceive you, you have to look in the mirror and see what makes you lovely and unique. It’s important to love ourselves, and part of that is learning to love your body. Just remember that it doesn’t need validation from others. It’s beautiful because it’s yours.

Crystal: Just the idea that feeling beautiful (by being gazed upon by others not even your own definition) is like super important to your everyday life & how you treat your kids? No. This is a wreck. And some people AREN’T beautiful and have no interest in being beautiful and that’s okay! Beauty (whatever that ACTUALLY means) should be self-determined; you shouldn’t have to look to others for validation about something you were born with.

Ty: I like Dove’s products. I really do. Their deodorants, lotions, and soaps are far less overpoweringly smelly than many other brands. I appreciate the natural-ness. My liking Dove only further perpetuates my disheartening feelings in regard to their new “Real Beauty Sketches” advertisement.

This video suggests that “loving your body” means realizing that you’re actually skinnier than you think– and focuses largely on people’s perceptions of their weight. It’s sad. The message of this video is “you are more beautiful than you think”—which would be a cool message if Dove spent resources on focusing on inner beauty and not random people’s opinion about how you are skinnier and how your eyes are bluer than you thought this morning.

Not to mention, the message is just plain creepy. Dove is suggesting that a woman’s own acceptance of her beauty needs to be validated by strangers looking at them. Hey how about we teach people to look inside of themselves to find beauty for a change?

Guess what, women come in lots of different shapes, sizes, and colors. There is no such thing as conventional beauty—it’s an idea created by companies for advertising purposes. Beauty has far more to do with personal characteristics than a person’s looks.

So here’s an idea, Dove, how about you change your slogan to “your personality is great,” “your kindness is overwhelming,” or “your empathy is inspiring.”  How about you just change it to anything that does not have to do with physical beauty “validation” from strangers?

Seila: For the most part, I guess that Dove’s “Real Beauty Campaign” is a step in the right direction. It doesn’t use female sexuality to sell its products (kinda), it questions mainstream beauty ideals (sorta) and it uses “regular” women (whatever that means) who actually look like the people they are marketing to as an alternative to airbrushed models. That’s good. But it’s not good enough.

I can’t help but think that this whole idea came out of a focus group where they were able to target a niche market of 15-45 year-olds who they thought might respond positively to this kind of campaign. Sure it’s marketable, but in its quest to be marketable it’s lost any of the credibility it might of had as a piece of feminist media.

My biggest problem with these campaigns is that beauty is still assumed to be a central component of women’s lives. Dove creates a false dichotomy between “real” beauty and “fake” beauty that positions women against each other. It also does very little to question the structural components that force women to become so concerned with beauty in the first place.

I’ve been thinking a lot about how can Dove get away from these implicit beauty-centered marketing ideas. How can we expect them to sell a beauty product without selling the idea of beauty? What if instead of marketing the effect their product is supposed to have, they actually marketed the product. So, instead of implying “Dove will reveal your ‘true’ beauty” they could say “Dove will make your hair soft” or  ”Buy dove if you want to have nice smelling skin.” This puts the focus back on the product and it doesn’t assume the consumer is insecure about how they look or that they want to be more beautiful or that the soft-focus, glowing white world of Dove commercials means anything to them. That is a campaign I could get behind.

YingYing: I recognize that a lot of my teammates critiques are correct, but I can’t deny that watching the Dove videos is inspiring for the less feminism-savvy majority of the population. I think that although Dove’s purpose is to sell a product, they set an excellent model for other beauty companies to emulate: instead of selling us insecurity, Dove tries to affiliate their public image with something positive. Even if sometimes, this positivity can lack the proper amount of sensitivity to issues like fat-shaming and beauty’s affiliation with self-worth, there’s no doubt in my mind that Dove’s branding strategy is a step forward from most of the beauty products out there today.

If we’re looking for girls and women to find real self-esteem, it will take more than a Dove video. But a Dove video on photoshopping can raise an introductory level of awareness about media images. A Dove video on self-image can start the first reminder that perhaps we are too hard on ourselves. It’s obvious that no video is going to solve a population’s or even a person’s insecurities. But if that video reaches one girl who was going to self-harm or one woman who was considering an unhealthy diet to lose weight and dissuades them for even a day, I would say Dove has done good.

Progress comes one step at a time. If we want to a create a society where businesses and media-creators step away from sexualization, we will need forerunners like Dove, warts and all, product-placement and all, to show that yes, self-esteem sells too.

Feminist Reads Challenge: Out of Darkness Comes Light

This post is part of the 2013 Feminist Reads Challenge. To learn more about the challenge or join in, click here

by Dee Putri

I was born on April 21st. Here in Indonesia, that’s Hari Kartini (Kartini’s Day),  a celebration of the day Kartini was born. Who is Kartini? Her full name is Raden Ajeng Kartini, and we celebrate her because she is a heroine who fought for  woman to be educated and to be able to go to school.

My birthday means that Kartini is very important in my life. Since a kid, I was expected to be ‘someone’–to do something big, just like she did. I’ve been trying! When I was in elementary school and I had no idea what I wanted to be when I grew up,  my sister said  that I should be a writer, just like Kartini was, and here I am. But  for some reason, I never read her book, Habis Gelap Terbitlah Terang (Out of Dark Comes Light). [Ed note: The English version of this book is not directly translated and is somewhat unfortunately titled Letters of a Javanese Princess.]

Do you believe in destiny? Well, I do. When I finally read the book this month, I found that Kartini starting writing  her letters when she was in  her early twenties, just like I am now. The book is a collection of letters that Kartini wrote to her friends when she was just around my age. Her ideas stuck in my head. How could she become that mature at this age and at that time, the late 1800s? How did she become passionate enough to succeed in getting education for women?

Girls weren’t going to school in Kartini’s era. Luckily, her father was concerned about her education, and supported her hobbies—reading books and writing. But even so, she only went to school until she was 12 years old. From then on, Kartini was secluded at home because that was what was expected for noble girls; she wasn’t allowed to leave home, which depressed her terribly. While  she was still in school, her teacher asked her if she would ever go to Netherlands. The question broke her heart: “Don’t ask me if I want to,” she wrote, “but can I?” She felt that the question was so cruel, like “serving  delicious food to hungry people who can’t eat it.”

These are some of my favorite excerpts from her letters, about education and equality and girls’ rights:

“A girl whose mind and knowledge have been expanded will no longer able to live in a world of her ancestors. She entered the cage after being taught to fly.”

 “My dear, with your lovely and daring heart, also your rich knowledge, please give us your hand. Lift us out of this hole of suffering and misery, where we were pushed by the interests of men. Please help us to eradicate selfishness of men that trampling women. But women don’t consider it as injustice again because it happens all the time and they only can resignation. Men are the source of suffering women. I’m still young, but I’m not blind or deaf. I can see and listen. Even too much. It makes me sick, so that makes me want to against the cruel cultural habit for women and kids. I feel hopeless. I can’t do it alone.”

But then I understand why men are so egoist. Things that they learn since a kid from their mother, they taught that women are inferior. I often heard my mom, my aunties, and families said, “She is just a girl, just a girl.” It upset me. “Women are nothing, they were made for men, for fun. Men could do whatever they want,” I could hear the devil mock me. “NO! We are human, just like men. Give me permission to prove it. Please let me. I’ll show you that I’m a human. Just like men.”

The emancipation movement was just beginning when Kartini wrote her letters.  One of the movement’s supporters, JH Abendanon, wanted to help Kartini to make her dream come true, offering her  an opportunity to go to school again and get a teaching degree. But there were many obstacles, and unfortunately she had to turn it down. J.H. Abendanon advised her to start teaching immediately, even without a certificate, and she did.  Before she married, Kartini and her sister, Roekmini, taught several young girls at their house–yes, they built a school! They taught reading, writing, sewing, cooking, and other skills. After she married, she moved to Rembang and continue her teaching, including to her step children. Tragically, she passed away at age 25, four days after giving birth to her son.

Reading this book make me realize that we should all read as much as we can. Then I realized why some of us feel ‘different.’ I think when you read a lot, you have a more complete view of life and the world, especially when you also learn about different cultures. You learn to see things from different angles and perspectives. Her letters also reassured me that there will always be someone there to support you. When you love something, you’ll find your people. You’ll change the world. You only have to be passionate enough about it. And be patient–maybe now you can’t see the impact. But later, you’ll see. And we’ll all be really proud to have you!

Bright Like a Diamond, White Like a Princess

by Shavon L. McKinstry

In recent years, Disney has been toying around with their “Princess” brand, making their popular films and characters even more marketable to children–namely, to young girls. This isn’t really new: Disney has changed the designs of their princesses to fit with market trends numerous times since the first princess, Snow White, debuted in 1937. Controversy arose, however, when Disney began retooling their princess brand for new products last summer, tweaking their make-up and outfits, and changing other, more integral aspects of their characters.

The redesigns are noticeably more glamorous and more bedazzled. Princess Aurora (from Sleeping Beauty, 1959) and Belle (Beauty and the Beast, 1991) no longer have the visually-flat hair of their movie counterparts, and are instead featured with the shimmering, flowing locks frequently seen in magazine ads. Each princess is now donning enough jewelry to keep a reporter on the red carpet busy for a good while. The added make-up and glitz being marketed to young girls is problematic. These images aren’t “just” cartoons, they’re prominent and effective marketing products (so prominent, in fact, that on the day this post is published, Toys R Us lists 987 different Princess products). Disney is the largest media conglomerate in the world, and the Princess brand is one of its most successful marketing tools. It’s impossible to ignore the significance that these characters have with children, and how Disney uses this influence to make money. But inspiring young children to be conscious of make-up and beauty isn’t Disney’s biggest crime this time around. What’s most troubling about this redesign is how it deals with race.

In 2009, two doctors, Sharon Hayes and Stacey Tantleff-Dunn, did a study on animated characters and young girls’ self-image. After watching clips of cartoon characters who were princesses, the participants were  asked what made a “real princess.” The results might be different from what you would expect: these girls, around the ages of six and seven, generally did not report having a desire to be thinner after studying and watching the narrow-waisted princesses. Instead, when asked how they could become a princess, many of the girls reported that they would need to change their skin color. They responded with things like “I’d paint myself white” and “I would change from brown skin to white skin.”

Of the canon ten Disney Princesses in the brand, six are white. This summer, Merida from Brave is slated to become the next Disney Princess. In 2014, Anna, the protagonist of Disney’s next animated film, Frozen, will become the twelfth Disney Princess. Both Merida and Anna are white.

This is why these redesigns are so troubling: Pocahontas and Mulan became whiter. Pocahontas’s skin was lightened, her face has become more narrow, her nose has also been dramatically narrowed, and her eyes have become larger. Mulan’s skin changed from the darker tone she was in her film to straight out white; her eyes were given prominent blue undertones; her lips were made thicker. Her dramatic make-up and new, glamorous, dress seem to be directly counter to her personality and character in her film. Jasmine, the first non-white Disney princess, is white washed, too. In fact, save for Tiana, all of princesses of color have been whitewashed. To add on to all of this, in new merchandise, these princesses have been noticeably pushed to the back or left out completely.

Now, Disney has taken some notice to these complaints. In February, the official Disney Princess Facebook re-redesigned Mulan with darker skin and eyes. This is their re-redesign, compared to Mulan in the film:

Even with this change, Disney and their characters and princesses are still overwhelmingly white, and that doesn’t look like it will change in the near future. This Could’ve Been Frozen, a blog that started up in December, showcases fan art for Frozen featuring indigenous peoples  instead of the light-skinned, blue-eyed cast, pointing out to fans–and to the company–that Disney could have diversified their princess line-up.

So many people are fans of Disney. Not just little girls, but people of all genders, all sizes, all orientations, all abilities, and all ethnicities. For their popular princess line, Disney prefers to portray one demographic of princess, simultaneously alienating so much of their fanbase.

Help Support Girl Activists!

If you’re reading this, we probably don’t need to tell you the importance of supporting girls’ activism. But just in case, we’re going to anyway.

  • Girls and women are sexualized throughout all forms of media.
  • Sexualization leads to real, dangerous consequences, like depression, anxiety, eating disorders, and low achievement in and outside of school. Sexualization is a form of emotional violence.
  • Viewing women as objects is the first step to committing physical violence against them. Sexualization contributes to a culture of violence against women.
  • Girls can make a difference. Since 2011, SPARK girls have taken action on sexualized toys, unrealistic images in teen magazines, sexual violence in sports culture, and more. SPARK girls have been featured in major media and at the first ever UN Tribunal on Girls’ Issues, helping launch urgently needed conversations about girls’ health and well being in our current media environment.
So here’s where you come in: girls can change this culture, but they can’t do it alone. And neither can we! We’re using Piggybackr, a super cool new site that trains kids and teens in fundraising, to raise money for SPARKteam activist trainings. One of the coolest things about Piggybackr is that each of our activists gets her own page to explain why SPARK’s work is so important to he. Here’s what some of them are saying:
“SPARK has helped me to grow in confidence and as a person and has encouraged me to think about how I can help to change the world for the better. I know SPARK will be able to help many other girls just like they did for me. ” – Georgia Luckhurst, 14
“Every girl should be able to live in a world where what she does is more important than how others view her. Together we can reclaim the power that has been taken from us.” – Maya Brown, 18
“With SPARK I’ve really bloomed as an activist, speaking on a radio show and blogging about both media and real-life problems related to sexualization and the importance of young girls developing healthy self-esteem.” – Ria Desai, 18
“I love my job so much that when I go to parties and people ask me what I do, I start crying when I explain it. I’m actually crying a little right now.” – Melissa Campbell, 23, SPARKteam Coordinator
You can click through to all the girls’ pages on the right hand side to see why SPARK is so important to all of them.  (We especially recommend that Game of  Thrones fans tune into Alice’s video.)

By contributing to this campaign, you’ll be equipping more girls with the tools, skills, and knowledge they need to transform their passion into action and their action into success. The more money we raise, the more cool things we can do–like hold multiple trainings per year, expand the SPARKteam to include more girls, and more!